Before testing can begin, there are a few key terms which must be understood in order to gain relative and reliable results:
Qualitative- This is descriptive data, but may be harder to analyse than quantitative data.
Quantitative- This is data gathered and written down in numbers e.g. Height.
Objective- This is observable and measurable data obtained through physical examination.
Subjective- Information gathered from another point of view such as feelings or perception.
Validity- Derived from the latin word meaning 'strong', it is the degree of accuracy of the equipment and relevance of the test being used.
Reliability- This is the state to which data collect has no errors making it convincing and valid.
Before any physical testing, the athlete must be given the chance to warm up their bodies to prepare and allow their bodies to function to the best of their abilities once testing occurs. Physiological effects as a result of warming up:
- Heart rate and circulation increases
- Joints loosen
- Increased blood flow to the body
- Increases range of muscle movement decreasing chance of injury
- Also prepares athlete mentally by getting them focused on the following test
Wingate Test
The Wingate Test is used to measure anaerobic power. It involves the athlete sitting on a bike and peddling as fast as possible. A weight is then dropped to add a resistance whilst athlete continues pedalling as fast as possible. The weight is then lifted and the power of the athlete measured.
Vo2 Max Test
The Vo2 Max Test is used to measure cardiovascular endurance. The athlete will run on treadmill wearing a mask to measure oxygen intake. Gradually intensity will increase from moderate to maximal and amount of oxygen inspired and expired is measured.
60m Sprint Test
The 60m Sprint test is used to measure speed. The athlete runs in a straight line over a distance of 60m as fast as possible. To made is valid to Ronaldo it will be conducted on grass whilst wearing football boots
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